Answer:
A. Russia - France
Both countries were afraid of German might and rising influence in Europe before WWI. Because of the rigid system of alliances , they were committed to war if one of them declared war on an enemy. The idea of the Franco-Russian allliance was to strategically force Germany to fight a war in disadvantage , a war on two fronts.
Explanation:
creating a powerful telescope
confirming that the earth revolves around the sun
discovering moons orbiting Jupiter
discovering elliptical orbits
The correct answer is: discovering elliptical orbits.
Elliptical orbits were discovered by Johanes Kepler (1571-1630).
In 1609 he published Astroma Nova which demonstrated that the Aristotelian cosmography of perfect forms and unknowable causes was wrong. He demonstrated that the Earth orbits the Sun.
Galileo was a famous astronomer and physicist, he created a powerful telescope that allowed him to discover that the Earth revolves around the Sun. In 1610 he discovered four moons orbiting Jupiter.
The postwar debt crisis grew from the South Atlantic system due to heavy borrowing, poor economic investments, Western financial policies promoting borrowing, and finally, the borrowing of bailout money leading to severe austerity measures.
The postwar debt crisis grew out of the South Atlantic system in a series of steps. The first was through the economic conditions in large economies in Latin America such as Mexico and Brazil, which ran large trade deficits and borrowed heavily in the 1970s. These countries didn't effectively use the influx of financial capital to boost productivity which led to difficulties in repayment when economic conditions changed in the 1980s.
The second contribution was from African nations that also borrowed foreign funds in the 1970s and 1980s but then faced large interest payments due to insufficient investment in productive economic assets. The inability to show economic growth for the borrowed funds also contributed to the debt crisis.
Thirdly, the financial policies of the West, primarily the United States, contributed as well to this crisis. Effort was made to ensure the growth and restructuring of the Western European and Japanese economies after the Second World War, leading to an international inflow of money that allowed for intense borrowing at low interest rates. This created large deficits and raised the debt levels of the US and other Western countries.
Lastly, the bailout money in response to the economic downturn was often borrowed, pushing countries into high deficits, and then into austerity measures like large decreases in government spending and tax increases. Countries like Greece, Ireland, Spain, and Portugal had to undertake these severe austerity measures and thereby further extending the debt crisis.
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The postwar debt crisis grew out of the South Atlantic system due to international borrowing and deficits in balance of payments. This led to austerity measures and widespread ramifications.
The postwar debt crisis grew out of the South Atlantic system due to the international inflow of money to the United States and the high levels of borrowing. This borrowing created huge deficits in the balance of payments, with debts equivalent to 5 percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP).
With respect to this, the borrowing and resulting deficits led to unsustainable high deficits in many countries, which then chose to undertake austerity measures to reduce their deficits. This crisis had widespread ramifications, with economists even questioning the viability of the euro.
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