Answer:
The correct answer is "proteins in which isoleucine is inserted at some positions normally occupied by leucine".
Explanation:
The missing options of this question are:
A. proteins in which leucine is inserted at some positions normally occupied by isoleucine.
B. proteins in which isoleucine is inserted at some positions normally occupied by leucine.
C. no abnormal proteins, because the ribosomal translation machinery will recognize the inappropriately activated tRNAs and exclude them from the translation process.
D. no proteins, because the inappropriately activated tRNAs will block translation
The correct answer is option B. "proteins in which isoleucine is inserted at some positions normally occupied by leucine".
In normal conditions, the enzyme leucyl-tRNA synthetase attaches one leucine amino acid to leucyl-tRNA as part of synthesis of proteins that have one or more leucine residues in their sequences. Since the enzyme of this mutant strain of bacteria mistakenly attaches isoleucine to leucyl-tRNA 10% of the time, approximately 10% of all the proteins that normally have leucine residues will going to have isoleucine. Therefore, These bacteria will synthesize proteins in which isoleucine is inserted at some positions normally occupied by leucine.
The organelles that are involved in energy conversions are mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Keywords: Mitochondria, chloroplasts, cellular respiration, photosynthesis
Active transport is the means of particle transport that requires an input of energy from the cell.
Keywords: Active transport, energy, ATP
Level: High school
Subject: Biology
Topics: Cellular organelles, Physiological process
Sub-topics: Active transport
It is believed that mitochondria and chloroplasts are known to be energy converting organelles. Some components of the cells carry the ability to work as small machines and are responsible for withdrawing energy from the chemical bonds found in the ultimate source of nourishment in all living cells called glucose.
The mode of particle transport which needs the input of energy from the cell is called active transport. Active transport, in cell biology, refers to the movement of the molecules through the membrane against the concentration gradient, which means from an area of lower concentration to an area with higher concentration.
Further Explanation:
The energy converting organelles of the eukaryotes is developed from the prokaryotes which were engulfed by the primitive eukaryotic cells. This evolved a symbiotic relationship between them. This explained the reason behind mitochondria and chloroplasts having their own DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid which encodes for certain proteins.
Energy processing in plants is fundamentally similar to that of animals and most fungi. The ultimate objective is to split down the glucose into smaller molecules and absorb the ATP or adenosine triphosphate molecules. Mitochondria are known to be the powerhouse of the cell as they are the sites for aerobic respiration.
Chloroplasts, on the other hand, stores the chlorophyll in tiny bags called thylakoids. In this process, the plants use light energy in order to produce ATP and NADPH which are known to be energy-carrying molecules and then produce glucose by using this energy.
Active transport is of two kinds,
Primary active transport utilizes adenosine triphosphate while secondary one uses an electrochemical gradient. A typical example of active transport is the uptake of glucose in the intestines in human physiology.
The movement of the ions and other molecules through the membrane of the cell without any requirement of the energy input refers to passive transport. This process does not require any input of the cellular energy as it is driven by the ability of the system to develop in entropy. There are four types of such transport, namely, filtration, osmosis, facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion.
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Answer details:
Grade: High school
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Plant physiology
Keywords:
Chloroplast, mitochondria, plant cell, animal cell, powerhouse, energy, ATP, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, NADPH.
aftershocks
elastic rebound
compression
Answer: elastic rebound
Explanation:
The elastic rebound theory states that the rocks experience fault and shift due to the force exerted on them by the seismic activity of the earthquakes. The rocks in the case of earthquake according to this theory accumulates energy and deform slowly until the internal strength of the rocks is exceeded.
elastic rebound. I know this because I learned it in 8th grade. :)
Answer:
The answer is covalent bonds
Explanation:
A. numbers of protons.
B. types of subatomic particles.
C. numbers of electrons.
D. numbers of neutrons.