What is the limiting reactant when 8.4 moles of lithium react with 4.6 moles of oxygen gas? Unbalanced equation: Li + O2 → Li2O

Show, or explain, all of your work along with the final answer.

Answer:

Explanation:

Ionization energy:

It is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the electron from isolated gaseous atom to make the ion.

As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell.

When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.  Where as,

When we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.

As the size of atom increases the ionization energy from top to bottom also  decreases because it becomes easier to remove the electron because of less nuclear attraction and as more electrons are added the outer electrons becomes more shielded and away from nucleus.

Final answer:

In a period (across a row), ionization energy generally increases due to an increased atomic charge pulling electrons inward. In a group (down a column), despite more protons and electrons being added, the ionization energy decreases due to the electrons occupying larger and higher-energy orbitals, making them easier to be removed.

Explanation:

As we traverse a row (period) in the periodic table from left to right, the count of protons as well as electrons increases with every subsequent element. This increase makes the nucleus more positively charged, which in turn pulls the additional electrons inward, reducing atomic size and increasing ionization energy. Ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. An increase in ionization energy in a period is because it's difficult to remove an electron from a smaller, low-energy orbital.

However, when we move down a column (group) in the periodic table, despite the fact that protons and electrons are being added, ionization energy decreases. This decrease is primarily because the electrons being added are going into larger and higher energy orbitals farther from the nucleus, making them easier to remove. Hence, the ease of electron removal explains the decrease in ionization energy as we move down a group in the periodic table.

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Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

     V = 250.0 ml,                  T = 58^{o}C = 58 + 273 = 331 K

      n = 2.48 moles,              P = ?    ,             R = 0.082 atm L /K mol

Therefore, calculate the pressure using ideal gas equation as follows.

                       PV = nRT

                        P =

                            =

                            = 0.269 atm

Thus, we can conclude that pressure of the given gas is 0.269 atm.

The concentration of the phosphoric acid solution required for the titration of 252 ml of 0.218 M potassium hydroxide solution is 0.2289 M.

To determine the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution, we can use the titration equation:

mole of acid = moles of base

Phosphoric acid (H3PO₄) reacts with potassium hydroxide (KOH) in a 1:3 ratio:

H₃PO₄ + 3KOH → 3H2O + K₃PO₄

Now, we can calculate the moles of KOH using its volume and concentration:

moles_KOH = volume_KOH × concentration_KOH
moles_KOH = 0.252 L × 0.218 M
moles_KOH = 0.054936 mol

Since H3PO4 reacts with 3 moles of KOH:

moles of H₃PO₄ = moles KOH / 3
moles of H₃PO₄ = 0.054936 mol / 3
moles of H₃PO₄ = 0.018312 mol

Now, we can determine the concentration of H3PO₄:

concentration of H₃PO₄ = moles_H3PO4 / volume_H₃PO₄
concentration of H₃PO₄ = 0.018312 mol / 0.080 L
concentration of H₃PO₄ = 0.2289 M

So, the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is approximately 0.2289 M.

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Answer: d. a new compound is formed.

Explanation:

1. Decomposition is a type of chemical reaction in which one reactant gives two or more than two products.

Example:

2. Electrolytic decomposition is a type of chemical reaction in which one reactant gives two or more than two products. on passing electric current.

Example:

3. Combustion is a type of chemical reaction in which fuel is reacted with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.

Example:  

4. Synthesis reaction is a chemical reaction in which two reactants are combining to form one product.

Example: