b. 3d
c. 3s
d. 2f
(2) oxygen (4) silicon
is the substance that can be decomposed by chemical means.
Further Explanation:
The pure form of matter is defined as substance but the mixture is termed as the combination of atoms and molecules.
Classification of substances:
(a). Element
It is a type of pure substance and is the simplest form that cannot be broken down by any chemical means. Copper, iron, and aluminium are some of the examples of elements.
(b) Compound
It is composed of two or more different elements that are held together by chemical bonds. These can be decomposed into their respective constituents. Compounds have no similarity in properties with those of their constituent particles. NaCl, and are examples of compounds.
(1) Ammonia contains one nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms so it is a compound. Since compounds can be decomposed chemically, ammonia is also decomposed by chemical means.
(2) Oxygen (O) is an element so it is the simplest form in which it can exist. Therefore it cannot be decomposed by chemical means.
(3) Phosphorus (P) is an element so it is the simplest form in which it can exist. Therefore it cannot be decomposed by chemical means.
(4) Silicon (Si) is an element so it is the simplest form in which it can exist. Therefore it cannot be decomposed by chemical means.
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Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Elements, compounds, and mixtures
Keywords: substance, ammonia, oxygen, phosphorus, silicon, element, compound, chemical means, decomposed, broken down, simplest form.
Ammonia is a compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen, and as such, can be chemically decomposed into these elements. Oxygen, phosphorus and silicon, being elements, cannot be decomposed by chemical means.
In the context of chemistry, a substance can be decomposed by chemical means if it is a compound. Compounds are composed of two or more different elements and can be broken down into those elements through chemical reactions. In the given options, (1) ammonia is a compound, composed of nitrogen and hydrogen elements. Therefore, ammonia can be chemically decomposed into its constituent elements. In contrast, oxygen, phosphorus, and silicon are all elements, which means they cannot be decomposed further by chemical means.
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This is an example of negative mutation. Negative mutations produce a phenotype that acts antagonistically to the wild-type phenotype. On the other hand positive mutation produce a phenotype that acts synergistically to the wild-type phenotype.
The negative mutation will negatively affect the long term survival of the butterfly species as the mutation makes the new butterfly offsprings more visible to predators.