The correct answer is the third one.
The first human settlers in Oceania came from Southeast Asia. From them descend the current Australian Papuans and natives, which probably had to reach the Sahul continent using primitive rafts. The oldest fossil remains could be those of Mungo man in New South Wales (Australia), about 42,000 years old, as well as the archaeological remains of Bobongara in the Huon peninsula (Papua New Guinea), with about 40,000. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence of the use of plants in the mountains of New Guinea and the population genetic tests in native Australians and Papuans, agree that the settlement of Sahul had to be carried out about 46,000 years ago.
33,000 years ago, the island of New Ireland (Melanesia) was colonized and Buka Island (North Solomon Islands) 28,000 years ago, 18,000 years ago, New Guinea and Australia formed a single land mass inhabited by human beings. later the sea level rise isolated the populations into three groups: New Guinea, Australia and Tasmania (in addition to a few minor islands). These populations evolved separately under diverging ecological conditions and developed independent cultural patterns.
Answer:
Tightening policy occurs when central banks raise the federal funds rate, and easing occurs when central banks lower the federal funds rate. In a tightening monetary policy environment, a reduction in the money supply is a factor that can significantly help to slow or keep the domestic currency from inflation.
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Answer: There are probablistic and non-probablistic sampling techniques.
For the earlier, we have the simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling and quota sampling
While for non probabilistic techniques- we have convenient sampling and purposive sampling amongst others
Explanation:
Depending on the sample size and the study, it becomes pertinent to to understand the objectives to enable choosing of a sampling techniques, such that the sample size is not bias and it reflects true population of the study.
For simple random sampling: you could make use of a ballot, mix it together then pick what you want for the study. This gives equal chance of participation.
For systematic, you could number your sample size and pick all even numbers or all numbers
Purposive and convenient sampling are the easy way out, though the sample size might be bias.
I hope this helps