Answer:
(i) -62.5 (Unfavorable)
(ii) -450 (Unfavorable).
Explanation:
(1) Material variance:
Material cost variance is the difference between standard cost for actual output produced and the actual cost of materials.
Material cost variance = (SQ × SP) – (AQ × AP)
Where SQ = Standard quantity for actual output, AQ = Actual quantity, SP = Standard Price and AP = Actual price.
This material cost variance can be subdivided into material price variance and material usage variance.
Material price variance = AQ × (SP – AP)
Material usage variance = SP (SQ - AQ)
In the problem, it is given that materials 2 pounds @ 1.25 per pound.
Therefore, SP = $1.25 and SQ per unit = 2 pounds.
It is given that Glass vessel produced 300 vases using 650 pounds of material.
Therefore, AQ = 650 pounds and actual output = 300 vases.
Therefore SQ for actual output:
= (SQ per unit) × (Actual output)
= (2 pounds) × (300 vases)
= 600 pounds.
It is given that Glass vessel purchased 650 pounds of material for $845.
Therefore Actual price = $845 ÷ 650 pounds
= $ 1.3
SP = $1.25 and AP = $1.3
SQ = 600 pounds and AQ = 650 pounds.
Material cost variance = (SQ × SP) – (AQ × AP)
Material price variance = AQ × (SP – AP)
Material usage variance = SP × (SQ-AQ)
Material cost variance (MCV):
= (600 × 1.25) – (650 × 1.3)
= -95 (Unfavorable)
Material price variance (MPV):
= 650 × (1.25 – 1.3)
= -32.5 (Unfavorable)
Material usage variance (MUV):
= 1.25 (600-650)
= -62.5 (Unfavorable)
Verification:
MCV = MPV + MUV
= (-32.5) + (-62.5)
= -95.
(2) Labor variances:
Labor cost variance is the difference between standard labor cost and the actual cost.
Labor cost variance = (SH × SR) – (AH × AR)
Where SH = Standard hours for actual output, AH = Actual hours, SR = Standard rate and AR = Actual rate.
Labor cost variance can be subdivided into Labor rate variance and Labor efficiency variance.
Labor rate variance = AH × (SR-AR)
Labor efficiency variance = SR × (SH – AH)
It is given that Labor 1.5 hours @ $15 per hour is the standard.
Therefore, SR = $15 and SH per unit = 1.5 hours.
SH for actual output = SH per unit × actual output
= 1.5 × 300
= 450 hours.
It is given that the actual total labor costs for March were $7200, which entailed 480 hours of labor.
Therefore, AH = 480 hours.
AR = Labor cost ÷ labor hours
= 7,200 ÷ 480
= $15.
SH = 450 hours, AH = 480 hours, SR = $15 and AR = $15.
Here, standard rate and actual rate are same. Therefore the labor rate variance is NIL. So the entire labor variance will come under labor efficiency variance.
Labor cost variance = (SH × SR) – (AH × AR)
Labor rate variance = AH × (SR-AR)
Labor efficiency variance = SR × (SH – AH)
Labor cost variance = (450 × 15) – (480 × 15)
= -450 (Unfavorable)
Labor rate variance = 480 × (15-15)
= 0
Labor efficiency variance = 15 × (450 - 480)
= -450 (Unfavorable).
Answer:
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uigykyjgExplanation:
Answer:
Nick has lower opportunity cost.
Explanation:
Rosa can dig holes in 1 hour.
Nick is slow and takes 6 hours to dig the holes.
Rosa earns $120 per hour.
Nick earns $15 per hour.
The opportunity cost of digging holes for Rosa is $120 that she could have earned in that 1 hour.
The opportunity cost for Nick is
= $15 × 6
= $90
It is evident that Nick has a lower opportunity cost.
(a) If the special order is accepted, what will be the effect on net income?
Answer:
Effect on income= $4,800 increase
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Unitary variable cost= $18
A foreign wholesaler offers to purchase 4800 units at $21 each. Vaughn would incur special shipping costs of $2 per unit if the order were accepted.
Because it is a special order and there is unused capacity, we will not take into account the fixed costs.
Effect on income= 4,800*21 - 4,800*(18 + 2)= $4,800 increase
b) religion.
c) race.
d) color.
e) political preference.
Answer: Political Preference
Explanation: You cannot judge anyone based on their political views.
Answer:
Indifference point= 25,500
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Company X = $2,276,000 + $50/ unit
Company Z = $1,052,000 + $98/unit
We need to find the indifference point where the two companies provide the same total cost.
We need to equal both cost equations:
2,276,000 + 50x = 1,052,000 + 98x
1,224,000 = 48x
25,500= x
x= number of units
To prove:
Company X = $2,276,000 + $50*25,500= $3,551,000
Company Z = $1,052,000 + $98*25,500= $3,551,000
b) $600,000
c) $54,000
d) $126,000
Answer:
b) $600,000
Explanation:
The break-even sales can be regarded as sales value in which the result makes the firm to report zero profit.
Total fixed costs was given from the question as ( $180,000)
The Contribution margin ratio was give from the question as ( 30%)= 0.3
✓break even point can be calculated as ratio of Total fixed costs to Contribution margin ratio. This can be expressed as
break even point=[Total fixed costs ]/ [ Contribution margin ratio.]
Substitute,
break even point= [ $180,000]/ [0.3]
=$600,000