Answer:
non-foliated, metamorphic
Explanation:
Unlike quartz, an igneous rock which forms a crystal from magma or as a precipiate near hydrothermal vents, quartzite is formed from applying heat and pressure to sandstone, thus it is metamorphic. The intense conditions during its formation tightly compresses and interwinds the quartz grains, the resulting rock becomes hard and dense. As a non-foliated rock, quartzite does not show repeated parallel bands and it breaks across grains to split into flat layers.
Answer:
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Explanation:
Quartzite
Quartzite is a metamorphic rock formed when quartz-rich sandstone or chert has been exposed to high temperatures and pressures. Such conditions fuse the quartz grains together forming a dense, hard, equigranular rock. The name quartzite implies not only a high degree of induration (hardness), but also a high quartz content. Quartzite generally comprises greater than 90% percent quartz, and some examples, containing up to 99% quartz, and are the largest and purest concentrations of silica in the Earth's crust. Although a quartz-rich sandstone can look similar to quartzite, a fresh broken surface of quartzite will show breakage across quartz grains, whereas the sandstone will break around quartz grains. Quartzite also tends to have a sugary appearance and glassy lustre. The variety of colours displayed by quartzite are a consequence of minor amounts of impurities being incorporated with the quartz during metamorphism. Although quartzite can sometimes appear superficially similar to marble, a piece of quartzite will not be able to be scratched by a metal blade, and quartzite will not fizz on contact with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Texture - granular.
Grain size - medium grained; can see interlocking quartz crystals with the naked eye.
Hardness - hard.
Colour - variable - pure quartzite is white but quartzite exists in a wide variety of colours.
Mineralogy - quartz.
Other features - generally gritty to touch.
Uses - pure quartzite is a source of silica for metallurgical purposes, and for the manufacture of brick; as aggregate in the construction and roading industries; as armour rock for sea walls; dimension stone for building facings, paving etc.
New Zealand occurrences - northwest Nelson (Aorere).
The chance that the child produced would have nail-patella syndrome from this mating is 1/8 (12.5%) and the chance that the child has alkaptonuria is zero (0%). It is a case of recessive phenotypes.
The answer is incomplete, but I have now included the Figure to answer it. The vertical lines indicate nail-patella syndrome, while horizontal lines indicate alkaptonuria.
Pedigree is a diagram showing the genealogical relationships in different individuals, which is usually used to represent the inheritance pattern of a given phenotype.
In this case, the nail-patella syndrome and alkaptonuria are recessive phenotypes, which means that individuals may be heterozygous carriers but they need to have both mutated alleles to express each condition.
In the pedigree, it is possible to observe that the individual IV5 expresses both syndromes (nail-patella syndrome and alkaptonuria), whereas there is a 1/8 chance that the individual IV2 is a carrier of the nail-patella syndrome.
Learn more about pedigree here:
3. What is the standard free energy change of the reaction above? Again, define each term.
Answer:
Explanation:
From the reaction ; aA + bB → cC + dD
1) Keq = equilibrium constant = [A]^a [B]^b / [C]^c [D]^d
where [A] = [B] = [C] = [D] are the concentrations of reactants A, B, C and D respectively.
2) What is the actual free energy change of the reaction above? ;
where R = gas constant and T = temperature.
3) What is the standard free energy change of the reaction above;
b. Release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through channels is slow compared to the uptake of Ca2+ into the SR via ATP-dependent pumps, resulting in Ca2+ slowly trickling into the sarcomeres between closely spaced action potentials.
c. When a series of action potentials is closely spaced, there is not sufficient time for Ca2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum between action potentials, and Ca2+ remains bound to troponin throughout the series.
d. Fewer Ca2+ ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum as a result of several closely spaced action potentials than as a result of a single action potential.
Answer:
The correct answer is - option C.
Explanation:
A series of closely spaced action potentials cause the sustained muscle to contract which is only possible if in the sarcomere of muscles the has high Ca2+ during the complete contraction cycle.
If the Ca2+ level is lower due to the sufficient Ca2+ were taken up into the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the sarcomere below the range between each action potential, the muscle would relax because the myosin-binding sites will be covered by tropomyosin.
The Ca2+ channels in the SR are able to move the ions more rapidly than the Ca2+ pumps can move in SR so this will cause the concentration of calcium to always high which leads to the binding of tropomyosin and therefore, the myosin-binding sites would be exposed until the contraction is achieved.
Answer:
chloroplasts
Explanation:
Among the listed organelles, chloroplasts cannot be found in an animal cell. Instead, chloroplasts are present in plant cells and certain algae, playing a key role in the process of photosynthesis. The other organelles - ribosomes, lysosomes, and vacuoles - are all present in animal cells.
Among the options listed - chloroplast, ribosome, lysosome, and vacuole - the one that cannot be found in an animal cell is the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are organelles present in plant cells and certain algae. They play a critical role in a process called photosynthesis, during which sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are converted into oxygen and glucose. However, animal cells do not have chloroplasts because they do not perform photosynthesis. Instead, they obtain energy via different processes such as cellular respiration, which happens in mitochondria. On the other hand, ribosomes, lysosomes, and vacuoles are indeed present in animal cells. Ribosomes are involved in the synthesis of proteins, lysosomes handle waste disposal and cellular digestion, and vacuoles are involved in storing substances and maintaining turgor pressure within the cell.
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Answer:
Out of the 22 amino acids, 8 cannot be produced in the body and must be consumed from outside sources, so they're called "essential".
B. 19.9%.
C. 21.5%.
D. 13.4%.