Answer:
Operant conditioning.
Explanation:
Operant conditioning refers to a learning method that obtains through rewards and punishments to measure change in behavior. By operant conditioning, there is a correlation made between an action and a reason for that behavior. According to this theory, actions followed by positive effects are likely to repeat in future scenarios. As per the question, Jacob associates his smile and his mother's reaction of picking him up and therefore perfect example of operant conditioning.
Answer:
Active-member research
Explanation:
An ethnographic analysis is one that results from ethnographic research, a qualitative approach in which researchers immerse themselves entirely in the life, community or circumstance they are researching.
The purpose of ethnographic research is to try to understand what happens naturally in the setting and to analyze the data collected in order to see what implications might be extracted from the data.
Here, the ethnographer undergoes policy academy training just to learn how police recruits are socialized into the culture of law enforcement. He relates to the ACTIVE-MEMBER RESEARCHER ethnographic observational role. He had to be fully into the system and also actively work with them, in order to get forst hand informations and observations.