Ionic compounds form when a metal and nonmetal bond, as the metal loses its valence electrons which the nonmetal gains, resulting in an ionic bond. Covalent compounds form when two nonmetals bond, as they tend to share electrons allowing them to complete their valence shells resulting in a covalent bond.
The formation of ionic and covalent compounds depends on the elements involved and their properties. Metals, generally, have few valence (outer shell) electrons, while nonmetals have more. When a metal and nonmetal bond, the metal tends to lose its valence electrons, becoming a positively charged ion or cation, and the nonmetal gains these electrons, becoming a negatively charged ion or anion. This transfer of electrons results in an ionic bond.
On the other hand, when two nonmetals bond, they tend to share electrons because neither atom can completely overcome the other's attraction for electrons. These shared electrons allow them to complete their valence shells. This sharing of electrons results in a covalent bond.
#SPJ6
Answer: ethylene glycol (molar mass = 62.07 g/mol)
Explanation:
Depression in freezing point :
Formula used for lowering in freezing point is,
or,
where,
= change in freezing point
= freezing point constant=
m = molality
Given mass of solute = 0.807 g
Molar mass of solute=? g/mol
weight of solvent in kg= 11.6 g=0.0116 kg
Thus the solute is ethylene glycol which has same molecular mass as calculated, i.e 62.07 g/mol.
Answer:
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaCl = PbCl2 + 2NaNO3
Explanation:
Lead nitrate is Pb(NO3)2
Sodium Chloride is NaCl
The basic reaction is:
Pb(NO3)2 + NaCl = PbCl2 + NaNO3
Now we need to balance the equation. Note that the lead nitrate contributes 2 (NO3) units, but there is only 1 NO3 on the product side. So start by adding a second NaNO3:
Pb(NO3)2 + NaCl = PbCl2 + 2NaNO3
Now we have 2 Na atoms on the right side, so add a "2" to the NaCl:
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaCl = PbCl2 + 2NaNO3
This is starting to look good. Lets check the atom/unit counts on both sides of the equation:
Reactants Products
Pb 1 1
NO3 2 2
Na 2 2
Cl 2 2
The equation is now balanced. Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaCl = PbCl2 + 2NaNO3
b. the reaction rate does not change.
c. the reaction rate increases.
d. the equilibrium shifts.
b. Tense muscles
c. Tickling sensation
d. All of the above
a. 8
b.16
c.32
d.64
32 Electrons
In statement the letter "n" specifies the Principle Quantum Number. Principle Quantum number is main energy level of an atom. Hence, n = 4 means we are talking about the fourth energy level or fourth shell of an atom.
Also, the number of electrons present in any main energy level are calculated by using following formula,
2n²
Hence, as,
n = 4
So, by putting this value in above formula,
2 (4)²
2 (16)
32
The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the n=4 shell is 32.
(Option C).
The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the n=4 shell can be determined using the following formula.
maximum electrons = 2n²
where;
The given parameters include;
n = 4
The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the n=4 shell is calculated as;
maximum electrons = 2n²
maximum electrons = 2 (4²)
maximum electrons = 32
Learn more about maximum electron in shell here: brainly.com/question/4177923
#SPJ6