Answer:
The basic doctrines of early Buddhism, which remain common to all Buddhism, include the four noble truths : existence is suffering ( dukhka ); suffering has a cause, namely craving and attachment ( trishna ); there is a cessation of suffering, which is nirvana ; and there is a path to the cessation of suffering, the eightfold path of right views, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration. Buddhism characteristically describes reality in terms of process and relation rather than entity or substance.
Experience is analyzed into five aggregates ( skandhas ). The first, form ( rupa ), refers to material existence; the following four, sensations ( vedana ), perceptions ( samjna ), psychic constructs ( samskara ), and consciousness ( vijnana ), refer to psychological processes. The central Buddhist teaching of non-self ( anatman ) asserts that in the five aggregates no independently existent, immutable self, or soul, can be found. All phenomena arise in interrelation and in dependence on causes and conditions, and thus are subject to inevitable decay and cessation. The casual conditions are defined in a 12-membered chain called dependent origination ( pratityasamutpada ) whose links are: ignorance, predisposition, consciousness, name-form, the senses, contact, craving, grasping, becoming, birth, old age, and death, whence again ignorance.
With this distinctive view of cause and effect, Buddhism accepts the pan-Indian presupposition of samsara, in which living beings are trapped in a continual cycle of birth-and-death, with the momentum to rebirth provided by one's previous physical and mental actions (see karma ). The release from this cycle of rebirth and suffering is the total transcendence called nirvana.
From the beginning, meditation and observance of moral precepts were the foundation of Buddhist practice. The five basic moral precepts, undertaken by members of monastic orders and the laity, are to refrain from taking life, stealing, acting unchastely, speaking falsely, and drinking intoxicants. Members of monastic orders also take five additional precepts: to refrain from eating at improper times, from viewing secular entertainments, from using garlands, perfumes, and other bodily adornments, from sleeping in high and wide beds, and from receiving money. Their lives are further regulated by a large number of rules known as the Pratimoksa. The monastic order (sangha) is venerated as one of the three jewels, along with the dharma, or religious teaching, and the Buddha. Lay practices such as the worship of stupas (burial mounds containing relics) predate Buddhism and gave rise to later ritualistic and devotional practices.
Explanation:
The Japanese invasion of China in 1937 marked the beginning of the Pacific front in what became the Second World War in 1939.
This invasion supposed the implementation of the expansionist ideology that had been developing in Japan since the victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905.
By defeating tsarist Russia in 1905, Japan began to acquire the condition of great power, which endorsed staying with a good part of the Asian colonies of Germany at the end of the First World War.
After his victory over the Russians, Japan added to its possessions the South Manchurian Railway and the strategic enclave of Port Arthur, which together with the island of Taiwan and the Penghu islands, occupied in 1895 in a previous conflict with China, would serve as a springboard for his undisguised ambitions on the continent.
Thus, in 1931, taking advantage of the "Mukden incident" (the blowing up of a section of railway track, organized by the Japanese army itself, which was blamed on Chinese saboteurs), Japan occupied all of Manchuria, separating it from the rest of China to create a puppet state, Manchukúo. The next step would be the attempt to dominate the vast Asian giants, ravaged by a civil war, undermined by corruption and victim of a centuries-old backwardness.
From the very beginning of the hostilities, the main supporter of China was the American president Franklin Delano Roosevelt, from whom it received an abundant support in the diplomatic and economic fields as well as in the military. In their eagerness to prevent the arrival of this massive and growing aid, the Japanese decided to initially capture the main ports of southern China and, in September 1940, Hai Phong, in Indochina.
This provoked a severe commercial embargo from the United States, which subsequently added the refusal to continue providing the vital oil both to keep the Japanese economy in place, and to be able to move its military machine.
The American reaction (which was shared by Western countries not aligned with Germany) was due to the fact that the Japanese imperialist attitude represented a threat to the international community, specifically for the nations of Asia and the Pacific, to break the peace that had been agreed after the First World War.
The supply of goods was limited by tariffs.
The demand for goods exceeded the supply.
The supply of goods exceeded the demand.
Answer:
Explanation:
The economic panics were caused by a fall in cotton costs. A withdrawal in credit concurred for the issues in the cotton market, and the American economy was extremely influenced.
The supply of goods exceeded the demand. hope this helps brainiest please
Answer:
The Quran
Explanation:
I know this because I'm muslim
A. Nat Turner
O
B. Sojourner Truth
O
C. Frederick Douglass
O
D. Harriet Tubman
Answer:
A. Nat Turner
Just took unit test review.
Answer:
a
Explanation: