Many farmers now grow insect-resistant varieties of cotton. The gene for the favorable trait, in this case, insect resistance, is transferred to the cotton's DNA usingA: viral vectors.
B: tissue culture.
C: bacterial plasmids.
D: in vitro fertilization.

Answer:

The correct answer would be C: bacterial plasmids.

In plants, genetic transformation is usually achieved with the help of bacterial plasmid, especially Ti plasmid.

Ti plasmid is a tumor-inducing plasmid generally present in Agrobacterium tumifaciens. This bacteria has a natural ability to infect plant cells and caused tumors or crown gall disease in them. It is also known as natural genetic engineering of plants.

The modified or non-virulent Ti plasmid is used to transfer the gene of interest in the plants.

C. bacterial plasmids.

WHO in 1996 stated that the emergence of various types of new chemicals, both those contained in GMO organisms and their products, could potentially cause new diseases or even be a triggering factor for other diseases. For example, aad genes contained in transgenic cotton can move to the bacteria that causes gonorrhea (GO), Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Further explanation

So, plasmids are bacterial DNA that is separate from the bacterial chromosomes. Plasmids can replicate themselves. Plasmids also contain various genes. The type, number of types, and number of each type (copy) of plasmids vary between cells. Even between cells in one bacterial species.

Plasmids usually contain between 5 and 100 genes that are not needed for bacterial survival. Genes for normal growth, metabolism, and cell structure are on the main bacterial chromosome. As long as the bacteria are developing in a low-pressure environment, removing all plasmids will not affect the ability of the bacteria to survive.

The function of plasmids is as a carrier of non-essential properties for bacterial growth. Essential here means having a direct role in metabolism and all biological activities that support bacterial growth.

Generally, plasmids have genes that are resistant to antibiotics. Antibiotics themselves, as you know, do not always exist in the environment, so the existence of these genes is not essential.

Plasmid function is also a determinant of nomenclature or naming of plasmids.

Ti plasmid, for example, which is named according to the ability of the plasmid to induce tumors in plants, forms a crown gal while Pym is the gene responsible for the process of forming nodules of Rhizobium bacterial species in legumes.

Learn more

bacterial plasmid brainly.com/question/1337348

GMO organism brainly.com/question/1337348

Details

Class: high school

Subject: Biology

Keywords: plants, bacterial, GMO