B) magnetic, electric
C) electric, gravitational
D) gravitational, magnetic
Protons and electrons are the two equally abundant particles in an atom.
The atom's nucleus contains protons, which are subatomic particles with a positive charge. A +1 positive electric charge permeates each proton.
An atom's nucleus is surrounded by electrons, which are subatomic particles with a negative charge. An electric charge of -1 is carried by each electron.
The number of protons in the nucleus of a neutral atom is equal to the number of electrons encircling the nucleus. The atom becomes electrically neutral when the balance of positive and negative charges results in a net electric charge of zero.
An atom with the atomic number 6 for carbon, for instance, contains six protons and six electrons. Similar to this, an atom of sodium, which has an atomic number of 11, contains 11 protons and 11 electrons.
An atom is stable and maintains its distinctive chemical properties because it has an equal number of protons and electrons.
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