b)The moon must be full.
c)The moon's orbit must cross the plane of the ecliptic.
d)The moon's orbit must not cross Earth's penumbra.
The moon's orbit must cross the plane of the ecliptic for a solar eclipse to occur. The correct option is C.
A solar eclipse takes place when the moon passes between the sun and the Earth, causing the sun to be partially or fully obscured from certain locations on Earth.
For this alignment, the moon's orbit must intersect the plane of the ecliptic, which is the imaginary plane defined by Earth's orbit around the sun.
During a solar eclipse, the moon casts a shadow on the Earth's surface, blocking or partially blocking the sunlight.
This can result in a total solar eclipse, where the sun is completely covered, or a partial solar eclipse, where only a portion of the sun is obscured.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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B: Mutated DNA sequences, which can pair with existing genes, are introduced.
C: The DNA sequences of the entire genomes of disease-causing microbes are compared.
D: A new gene, which codes for the protein that can repair defective genes, is introduced.
D: A new gene, which codes for the protein that can repair defective genes, is introduced.