What is Faint Young Sun Paradox?

Answer:

1) The Haywired scenario—headed by Tom Brocher and others—is a preparatory measure meant to ready law enforcement, fire fighters, utility workers, etc. for damage to infrastructure that will happen during a great Hayward earthquake. The right option is True.  

2) The Haywired scenario plans for a similar amount of shaking compared to the 1868 Hayward earthquake. The correct option is True.

3) The amount of damage due to the 1868 Hayward earthquake is equal to our expected consequences following the upcoming next Hayward fault earthquake. The right answer is False.  

Explanation:

1) The Haywired scenario is a 3D virtual sequence in which a hypothetical earthquake of magnitude 7 in the San Francisco Bay can cause chaos. An interdisciplinary panel of scientists have designed a hypothetical mainshock in the HayWard Fault and its possible impact and consequences of the ground shaking beneath Oakland. The idea behind this scenario is to improve the quality and reactiveness of Internet and telecommunication to react to such a hazard. They are seeking to prevent gaps in knowledge and communication needs and solve any "communication congestion" so that law enforcement, fire fighter, utility workers and any other service to work effectively under such a disaster.  

2) The Hayward scenario is based on a large earthquake that hit the San Francisco Bay in 1868. Its magnitude was 6.8 and there is a high probability of such a massive quake occurring again. Scientists are also concerned with “recurrence interval” on the fault as this type of events tend to be equally or exceed the previous one in a cyclical flow of time.  

3) The main difference between the earthquake that stroke in 1868 and the currently expected is that at that time damage was contrived to a small number of buildings as the land was just developing with scarce population. Conversely, an earthquake of that magnitude would threaten more than 7 million people leaving near the Hayward Fault. Apart from causing a vast destruction of infrastructure and building, it would seriously hit the national economy.  

Answer: Adaptive Speciation

Explanation:

The two species evolved as s result of adaptive Speciation.

Adaptive speciation occurs when biological interactions induce disruptive selection and the evolution of assortative mating, thus triggering the splitting

understanding processes of adaptive speciation, in which the splitting of lineages is an adaptation caused by frequency-dependent selection. Adaptive, or sympatric, speciation has been modeled since the 1960s.

Answer:

adaptive speciation

Explanation:

In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation/speciation is a process that makes living organisms diversify and change rapidly from an ancestral species into several new forms, especially when a change or natural event in their environment makes new resources available, thereby creating new challenges and opening new environmental niches.

Answer:

The temperature of the earth is first heated by the presence of the earth internal factors and then by the external factors.

Explanation:

• All the gases in the atmosphere cannot absorb the entire radiation given from the sun directly, so the earth's surface gets heated directly first and then re-radiated back to the sky.

• The Water vapor and carbon dioxide are known as the primary reason for the heating of the earth's atmosphere form the below and they tend to trap the amount of the solar heat and thus heat the surface-atmosphere first and they then give output of this energy in the form of the long waves radiation and thus influences the temperatures of the earth at the night time. Thus forming a greenhouse effect of gases.

• The villain is the carbon dioxides that gets accumulation the atmosphere and thus ends up heating up of the air

Final answer:

The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation from the Earth's surface because it absorbs radiation from the Sun and releases it as infrared radiation, which is absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

The primary heat absorbers in the lower atmosphere are water vapor and carbon dioxide.

The greenhouse effect, caused by greenhouse gases trapping heat in the atmosphere, is the main villain in the global warming problem.

Explanation:

The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation from the Earth's surface rather than by direct solar radiation because the radiation from the Sun passes through the atmosphere and is mostly absorbed by the Earth's surface. The heated surface then radiates energy back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation, which is absorbed by greenhouse gases like water vapor and carbon dioxide. These gases trap the heat and contribute to the warming of the atmosphere, similar to how a greenhouse traps heat.

The primary heat absorbers in the lower atmosphere are water vapor and carbon dioxide. These gases can absorb and reemit the Earth's infrared radiation, causing them to act like a blanket and warm the atmosphere.

The greenhouse effect is the main cause of global warming. It occurs when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat and prevent it from escaping into space, leading to an increase in the Earth's average temperature. This increased greenhouse effect is primarily caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, which release additional greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and enhance the natural greenhouse effect.

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Answer:

C. Sparta was ruled by a military dictator; Athenian government was a democratic republic.

Explanation:

Answer:

80 statute miles = 69.56 nautical miles

Explanation:

It is given that there are 1.15 statute miles in 1 nautical mile

this means 1 statute miles has 1/1.15 nautical miles

Thus 80 statute miles will have nautical miles

=49.56 nautical miles