Vaccines are effective because the body "remembers" the exposure to the vaccine's component, and can react swiftly to attack and destroy these components the next time they are encountered naturally in the environment. This occurs becauselymphocytes called "B cells" are activated by certain antigens, and, when combined with a chemical signal from T cells, divide rapidly to form two groups of many identical cells (clones). One group forms the active disease-fighting army of plasma cells, and secrete antibodies into the blood. The second group remains stored in lymph nodes, ready to develop rapidly into more plasma cells at the next exposure to the same antigen. What are these warrior cells, waiting in reserve in the lymph nodes, called?a. cytotoxic cells
b. memory cells
c. macrophages
d. antibodies

Answers

Answer 1
Answer:

Answer: Memory cells.

Explanation:

Vaccines are effective because they lead to the production of  memory cells which remembers the experience when the body got an exposure to the antigen for the first time.

When the antigen get exposed to the body, B cells of the body are activated. They further get divided into two parts, one part forms plasma cells and the other part forms memory cells.

The plasma cells secrete antibodies in the blood to fight disease and other part gets stored in the lymph until it is exposed for the second to antigen which will convert them into plasma cells.

The reserved cells are known as memory cells.


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As the air enter the nasal cavity, these structures located on the lateral surface help to increase the tubulence of the air that the air may be warmed, filtered and moistened more effectively ____________

Answers

Answer:

The answer is: nasal conchae

Explanation:

The nasal conchae, also known as turbinates, are the elongated curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the nasal cavity. It is present on the lateral surface of the nasal cavity.

It is responsible for the directing the airflow direction, heating, filtering and humidification, of the air inhaled through the nose.

What is Inflammation and what is the underlying mechanism?​

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Answer:

Inflammation is a response triggered by damage to living tissues. The inflammatory response is a defense mechanism that evolved in higher organisms to protect them from infection and injury.

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The functional unit of the kidney is called the nephron and is comprised ofa) Bowman's capsule
b) None of these
c) All of these
d) Renal tubule
e) Glomerulus

Answers

Answer: Option C  

Explanation:

The nephron is the microscopic structure found in the kidney. It is the structural and functional unit of kidney.

It is composed of renal tubule, glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. The renal corpuscles consists of a tuft of capillaries which is known as glomerulus.

Bowman's Capsule can be defined as a sac like structure   that lies at the starting of the tubular part of a nephron in a kidney. It performs the first step of filtration of blood that reaches the kidney.

Hence, the correct answer is all of these.

Final answer:

The nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, is comprised of the Bowman's capsule, the Renal tubule, and the Glomerulus. The Glomerulus initiates the filtration process, and the filtered blood enters the Bowman's capsule. The renal tubule takes part in reabsorption and secretion.

Explanation:

The functional unit of the kidney, known as the nephron, is comprised of different elements, each playing its unique role in the process of ultrafiltration and urine formation. These elements include the Bowman's capsule, the Renal tubule, and the Glomerulus. Therefore, the correct answer to this question is c) All of these.

The Glomerulus is a network of tiny blood vessels where the filtration of blood plasma begins. This filtered blood then enters the Bowman's capsule, a cup-like sac that surrounds the Glomerulus and collects the filtrate. The renal tubule, on the other hand, is a tube where necessary substances are reabsorbed back into the blood, and unwanted substances are secreted into the urine.

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What drug is popular at parties in the West?

Answers

Candy apples because everybody loves them

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The membrane potential seeks the equilibrium potential of the ion whose permeability is dominant.a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

The answer to the question: The membrane potential seeks the equilibrium potential of the ion whose permeability is dominant, would be, True.

Explanation:

When a cell needs to prepare to activate itself, or start what is known as an action potential, there needs to be a change in the polarity that is constant over the cell membrance. Usually, this polarity tends to be primarily negative on the inside thanks to the anions, and positive on the extracellular side, thanks to the concentration, particularly of sodium ions. In general, and without stimulus, this resting membrane will not activate or generate anything. However, when the cell activates, several channels, both leakage and gated, will activate to allow the two most important ions, sodium and potassium, to leak in and out of the cell to generate an electrical gradient. In order to restore this, and return to resting, the cell´s membrane must restore its potential, and thus, it will activate the channels of the dominant ion, to restore the balance. In fact, normally, there are leakage potassium channels in the cell membrane that allow potassium to leak out of the cell, helping to maintain the negativity of the cytoplasm, and the stability.

to control occasional pain and inflammation, a person uses an over-the-counter drug containing ibuprofen. interestingly, recent research shows that the person also may be reducing the risk of contracting which disease?

Answers

Recent research has shown that using over-the-counter drugs containing ibuprofen can potentially reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer.

Specifically, studies have suggested that regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen may lower the risk of developing colon, breast, and prostate cancers. This is because NSAIDs work by blocking an enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX), which is involved in inflammation and also plays a role in the development of certain cancers.

By inhibiting COX, NSAIDs may help prevent the growth and spread of cancer cells. However, it is important to note that regular use of NSAIDs can also have side effects and risks, such as gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney damage.

Therefore, it is important for individuals to consult with their healthcare provider before using NSAIDs for long periods of time or on a regular basis. Therefore ibuprofen can reduce the risk of the disease cancer.

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