State why most biologists consider rna to be lifes first coding system

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Answer 1

Answer: go to this website and it gives u anweser https://quizlet.com/2134626/unit-14-biology-flash-cards/

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Daphnia are freshwater organisms sometimes referred to as “water fleas.” Design an experiment thatcould be used to test the effects of temperature on the size of a daphnia population. In your
experimental design, be sure to:
• state a hypothesis to be tested
• describe how the control group will be treated differently from the experimental group
• identify the independent variable in the experiment
• identify the type of data that will be collected

Answers

An experiment is where scientific data is gathered and analysed to form inferences. Moreover, we can establish a testing ground on the daphnia population, let say by embryology. Hence, we can observe ina controlled manner how temperature influences the growth and formation of offspring by mothers of the daphnia population considering that offspring can contribute to population growth.

Answer

• state a hypothesis to be tested

Development rate increases faster with temperature that growth rate

• describe how the control group will be treated differently from the experimental group

The control group will be raised at 8 different temperatures to assess their size at maturity, and their asymptotic size.

• identify the independent variable in the experiment

3 clonal lines that differ in asymptotic size and growth rate.

• identify the type of data that will be collected

Measurements of the individual length of Daphnia

Explanation

In this experiment, the temperature-size rile(TSR) was utilized where it will be found that responses on temperature size observed at maturity is different from that manifested at asymptotic size. It will be observed that thermal shift in resources allocation may completely or partly result to a thermal plasticity in maturity size. Moreover, it will be seen that thermal plasticity in asymptotic size is controlled by temperature related challenges.

DNA in a solution is negatively charged; if you ran a sample of DNA, what would you predict about its migration?

Answers

Assuming that you ran the DNA sample on an agarose gel. And that you are performing gel electrophoresis. I would predict the sample of DNA moving away from the negative terminal or end and to the positive one. As it is being repelled due to its overall negative charge and thus attracted to the positive end. Both the magnitude of charge and size of DNA sample fragment act as factors and contribute to migration.

3. Explain why a higher concentration of neurotransmitter above the does not change the height of the action potential. Be sure to explain what occurs during an action potential at the molecular level.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

A higher concentration of neurotransmitter above a certain threshold does not change the height of the action potential because the action potential is an all-or-nothing event. It's a rapid and brief electrical signal that travels down a neuron's axon, leading to the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse.

To understand why a higher neurotransmitter concentration doesn't affect the height of the action potential, let's delve into the molecular events that occur during an action potential:

Resting State: Neurons have a resting membrane potential, which is a difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of the cell. This potential is maintained by ion channels in the cell membrane, primarily sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels. At rest, there are more positively charged ions outside the cell than inside.

Depolarization: When a neuron receives a strong enough excitatory stimulus, it causes a brief change in the ion permeability of the cell membrane. Voltage-gated sodium channels open in response to this stimulus, allowing sodium ions to rush into the cell. This influx of positive ions depolarizes the membrane, meaning the inside of the cell becomes more positively charged compared to the outside.

Threshold: If the depolarization reaches a certain threshold, typically around -55 to -50 mV, it triggers an action potential. At this point, voltage-gated sodium channels open more widely, leading to a rapid influx of sodium ions. This is the "all-or-nothing" phenomenon – once the threshold is reached, the action potential is initiated, regardless of the strength of the initial stimulus.

Rapid Depolarization: The influx of sodium ions causes the membrane potential to become highly positive. This phase is known as rapid depolarization or the rising phase of the action potential.

Repolarization: After reaching its peak positive potential, voltage-gated potassium channels open. Potassium ions flow out of the cell, repolarizing the membrane and restoring the negative charge inside the cell.

Hyperpolarization: In some cases, the outflow of potassium ions overshoots the resting membrane potential, causing a brief hyperpolarization. This hyperpolarization is then corrected as potassium channels close and the sodium-potassium pump restores the resting ion concentrations.

Now, in terms of neurotransmitter concentration affecting the action potential height: once the action potential is triggered (step 3), the neuron goes through a cascade of events that are largely determined by the opening and closing of ion channels. The neurotransmitter concentration in the synapse influences whether the postsynaptic neuron will generate an action potential at all by contributing to the overall membrane depolarization, but it doesn't directly affect the height of the action potential once it's initiated. The action potential is a self-regenerating process, meaning that once it starts, it will proceed along the axon without losing strength, as long as the ion concentrations are maintained.

Final answer:

A higher concentration of neurotransmitter above the threshold does not change the height of the action potential. During an action potential, the movement of ions across the neuron's cell membrane is responsible for the changes in charge and the generation of the action potential.

Explanation:

During an action potential, the movement of ions across the neuron's cell membrane is crucial. At rest, the neuron maintains a negative charge inside compared to the outside, known as the resting potential. This is maintained by the selective permeability of the cell membrane and the presence of ion channels.

When a stimulus is received, the neuron undergoes depolarization. This occurs when the cell membrane becomes more permeable to sodium ions. Sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to rush into the neuron. This influx of positive charge causes a rapid change in the neuron's charge, resulting in the generation of an action potential.

Once the action potential is generated, it propagates along the neuron. This is achieved through the opening and closing of ion channels along the neuron's membrane. As the action potential moves, sodium channels close and potassium channels open, allowing potassium ions to move out of the neuron. This repolarizes the cell membrane, restoring the negative charge inside the neuron.

The concentration of neurotransmitter above the threshold does not change the height of the action potential because the action potential is an all-or-nothing event. Once the threshold is reached, the action potential is generated with a consistent height. The concentration of neurotransmitter affects the likelihood of reaching the threshold, but once it is reached, the height of the action potential remains the same.

Learn more about neurotransmitters and action potentials here:

brainly.com/question/31031988

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A tall pea plant could _______. Select one: a. have the phenotype of Tt b. have the genotype of tall c. have the phenotype of tt d. have the genotype of Tt

Answers

it would be d) as a phenotype is the characteristic of something (e.g. tall) whilst a genotype is the gametes (the letters), so the only option that fits this is d).

What is this I kinda need to know ASAP