Approximately 90 to 100 Pg of carbon moves back and forth between the atmosphere and the oceans, and between the atmosphere and the land biosphere. Although these exchange rates are large relative to the total amount of carbon stored in the atmosphere, the concentration of CO 2 was constant
Marine plants and animals play a role in the uptake and release of carbon dioxide in the ocean. Plants, primarily phytoplankton but also macrophytes such as this seaweed, take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen, which oxygen-dependent animals need to survive.
Marine plants and animals play a role in the uptake and release of carbon dioxide in the ocean. Plants, primarily phytoplankton but also macrophytes such as this seaweed, take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen, which oxygen-dependent animals need to survive.
at 280 parts per million (ppm) by volume for at least 1,000 years prior to the industrial era. Atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 were constant because the carbon being removed from the atmosphere in some places exactly matched the CO 2 being added to the atmosphere in other places.
Today, CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere are increasing as a direct result of human activities such as deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels (e.g., coal and oil). Over the past 150 years, CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere have increased by as much as 30 percent (from 280 to 370 ppm).
All trees, nearly all plants from cold climates, and most agricultural crops respond to increasing atmospheric CO 2 levels by increasing the amount of CO 2 they take up for photosynthesis . It is believed that the increased uptake in land plants from rising atmospheric CO 2 levels roughly counterbalanced the CO 2 released from cutting down tropical rain forests and other agricultural practices in the decade of the 1980s. In the 1990s, the land biosphere was estimated to take up approximately 1 Pg more CO 2 than it released each year.
Most of the CO 2 released from the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities (e.g., cement manufacturing) is stored either in the atmosphere or in the oceans. The CO 2 that remains in the atmosphere acts as a greenhouse gas, absorbing long-wavelength radiation (heat) in the atmosphere. CO 2 taken up by the oceans does not affect the Earth's heat balance, so an understanding of the air-sea exchange of CO 2 is an essential part of understanding the Earth's climate system and the potential impact of future CO 2 emissions.
Answer:
Endocrine system may be defined as the system that controls the homeostsis of the organism by the production of hormones in the form of chemical messenger. Endocrine glands secrete their product directly into the blood stream.
The endocrine system regultes the proper growth and body metabolism. These system regulates the sugar level, calcium level and level of other ions in the body. The endocrine system is also responsible for the functioning of gonads.
a taxon
morphology
a phylum
It a key.
I got this same question and got it right.
B. detect changes in the environment
C. rearrange and synthesize chemical compounds
Which processes will all living organisms use to maintain homeostasis?
(1) A and B, only (3) C and A, only
(2) B and C, only (4) A, B, and C
Answer:
Potential energy into kinetic energy.
Explanation:
The uplifting of water occurs due to earthquake in the sea floor is refers to potential energy while on the other hand, the movement of water to the land in the form of waves is the kinetic energy. So we can see that the transformations of energy occurs from potential energy due to earthquake into kinetic energy occurs due to movement of water in the form of giant waves (tsunami).
fiber
calcium
protein
vitamin C
B. Mismatch repair
C. Direct repair by methyltransferases
D. Nucleotide excision repair
Answer:
The correct answer is B. Mismatch repair
Explanation:
Mismatch repair pathway recognizes the mismatched base pair that incorporated during DNA replication and then excise that incorrect base. After excision, it repairs the DNA.
The mismatched daughter strand is distinguished from the parent strand by mismatch repair system as the parent strand is methylated at some bases but the daughter strand is not methylated.
Three proteins help in mismatch repair MutH, MutL, MutS. Mut H and Mut S recognize the mismatch, Mut H excise the unmethylated strand from 5' side. Then helicase and exonuclease enzymes clave the segment from cleavage site to beyond the mismatch base.
The gap created by this action is filled by DNA polymerase and sealed by enzyme DNA ligase.
The 'Mismatch repair' pathway corrects mistakes when an incorrect nucleotide has been incorporated into a DNA sequence and DNA polymerase fails to recognize it. This pathway involves several proteins that recognize the error, excise the incorrect sequence, and re-synthesize the correct sequence.
When DNA polymerase fails to recognize that an incorrect nucleotide has been incorporated, resulting in a mismatch, the Mismatch repair pathway is in charge to correct this mistake. This system detects and repairs erroneous insertion, deletion, and mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as repairing some forms of DNA damage. This process involves several proteins including MutS, MutL, and MutH. They recognize the error, excise the incorrect sequence and then re-synthesize the correct sequence using the original undamaged DNA strand as a template. The 'Mismatch repair' is a crucial mechanism to maintain the integrity of genetic information.
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