If all of the individual in a generation receives one dominant allele and one recessive allele, then they will all show the dominant trait.
If they are bred, they will pass on the dominant allele to some of their offspring and recessive allele to others.
If an offspring receives two recessive alleles, it will show the recessive trait and therefore it will reappear.
When two true-breeding or homozygous individuals for dominant and recessive traits are crossed, the resultant is always a dominant trait. The recessive character appears in the following generation when the F1 progeny is self-crossed due to independent segregation and random fusion of gametes.
Further Explanation:
Consider Mendel's experiment on a pea plant in which he used the trait of height as tall and short. On self-pollinating the tall plants, the resulting progeny were all tall while when self-pollination was done for short plants, the resultants were all short. It was found that when true-breeding short (t) plants are bred with the true breeding tall (T) plants, the offspring results in all tall plants in the F1 generation. When this progeny is self-crossed, the F2 generation results in both tall and short plants in a 3:1 ratio.
Mendel stated that the traits are controlled by genes that are present in pairs of alleles. Each parent contributes the alleles in the pair. Allele 'T' is received from a tall parent while short parent contributes to allele’t’ and they together produce a tall plant. This is because the 'T' allele suppresses the expression of’t’ allele because of its dominant nature. Therefore,’t’ is a recessive allele, and 'T' is a dominant allele.
Cross between true-breeding tall (TT) and short (tt) plant:
Parents: TT x tt
Gametes: T x t
Progeny: Tt (tall, F1 generation)
When F1 generation is self crossed:
Parents: Tt x Tt
Gametes: T, t x T, t
Progeny: TT, Tt, Tt, tt
In the F1 generation,the recessive trait (short plant) was suppressed because of the dominance of the 'T' allele over the’t’ allele. In the following generation, the recessive trait reappeared because of the independent segregation of gametes and their random association with each other.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Chapter: Gene interaction
Subject: Biology
Keywords:
True-breeding, homozygous, genes, alleles, dominant, recessive, independent segregation, random fusion, gametes, progeny, F1 generation, F2 generation.
Answer:
Is made of phospholipids
Explanation:
The cellular compartment of all eukaryotes is bounded by a membrane called cell/plasma membrane. The membranes in cells are similar in structure and majorly composed of phospholipids that builds it.
The phospholipid component are arranged in two adjacent layers in biological membranes, hence, called phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipid bilayer is said to be AMPHIPATHIC because it contains two hydrophobic fatty acids and a hydrophilic phosphate head in its structure. This amphipathic nature of the cell membrane confers semi-permeability of substances upon it.
Answer:
Independent variable: The fertilizer given
Dependent variable: Daily plant growth
Constants: How much water they receive daily, How much sunlight the plants receive, type of plant (tomato plant)
Explanation:
Independent variable of an experiment is the variable that is changed or manipulated by the experimenter in order to bring about a measurable response. In this experiment where Sherri wanted to test what fertilizer worked best on her tomato plants. She used 4 different brands of fertilizer. Hence, the FERTILIZER is the independent variable
On the other hand, the dependent variable is the variable that is measured in the experiment. It is the variable that responds to the independent variable. In this experiment, the DAILY PLANT GROWTH is the dependent variable.
Constants are variables that are kept unchanged or constant throughout the experiment. In this case, the constants or controlled variables are: : How much water they receive daily, How much sunlight the plants receive, type of plant (tomato plant)
The independent variable in Sherri's experiment is the type of fertilizer used. The dependent variable is the daily growth of the plants. The controlled variables include the type of plant, the amount of sunlight received, and the amount of water given daily.
In this experiment, the independent variable is the fertilizer given to each plant. This is because the type of fertilizer is what is being changed or manipulated in this experiment to observe the potential changes or effects on the plants.
The dependent variable in this scenario is the daily plant growth. It is called 'dependent' because its value might change depending on the effect of the independent variable (the fertilizer).
The controlled variables for the experiment are the type of plant, how much sunlight the plants receive, and how much water they receive daily. These are conditions that were kept the same for each plant to ensure that the only difference between the plants was the type of fertilizer used.
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