Homologous chromosomes crossover during meiosis when specific proteins break two DNA strands at corresponding points and re-join them with their homologs, resulting in an exchange of genetic material.
When homologous chromosomes participate in a process called crossover during meiosis, option C) takes place. Specific proteins cause the two DNA strands to break at corresponding points. These proteins then re-join them with their homologs, switching certain sections of DNA between the two chromosomes. This process is a fundamental feature of sexual reproduction and contributes to genetic diversity because the chromatids that undergo exchange, although from homologous chromosomes, are not identical.
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Answer:
relative and absolute dating
Explanation:
Two methods of dating fossil fuels are -
a) Relative Dating and b) Absolute Dating
a) Relative Dating - In this method, unknown age of fossil A is determined by comparing it with the known age of fossil B via correlation . Such " fossils B" are known as index fossils. These index fossils belong to a specific age group.
Some common example of index fossils are -
brachiopods,
trilobites, and
ammonites
b) Absolute Dating - In this method, the age of rock is determined through radiometric dating methods. Here, instead of dating the fossil itself, the rock or volcano layer above and below the fossil is dated for determining a rage of date.
An antigen is a biomolecule, such as a protein or sugar, that binds to a specific antibody. An antibody/antigen interaction may stimulate an immune response. Not every biomolecule is antigenic and not all antigens produce an immune response. B cells are the major cell type involved in the humoral immune response.
The key biomolecule involved in the immune system is a protein known as an antibody. These are produced by B cells and help the immune system recognize and destroy foreign substances like bacteria or viruses.
The biomolecule that has significant involvement in the immune system is a group of proteins known as antibodies or immunoglobulins. These antibodies are produced by certain types of white blood cells (B cells). They play a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to specific antigens such as bacteria or viruses, enabling other parts of the immune system to destroy these foreign substances more effectively. For example, if a person becomes infected with a virus, the immune system will produce antibodies specific to that virus. Once these antibodies attach to the virus, they basically mark it for destruction by other cells in the immune system.
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Hi there!
There is a way that the human body cools itself, but it sounds so weird!
Did you know that when you sweat after doing something constantly, the sweat tries to cool the body down? It's true!
I learned this is physical science class, and we tested it for ourselves. We ran around a bunch of times around my old school and then we started sweating. Not too long afterwards, we started cooling down because of the sweat.
Weird, right?
Hope this helps!
Message me if you need anything else! :D