Please explain how treadmilling contributes to actin-based motility in crawling cells. Be specific in why both actin filament growth a d shrinkage are necessary.

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Answer 1
Answer: The actin filaments in cell constantly grow and shrink. This occurs through addition or removal of subunits. The two ends of actin filament have different dynamics of addition and removal of subunits. That way, one end of actin filament will grow and one end will shrink so it seems like the filament is moving. This phenomenon, known as treadmilling is characteristic for both actin filaments and microtubules.

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Which plant-cell organelle supports and maintains the cell's shape and protects the cell from damage? cell membrane

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No, for plant cell it is cell wall

What makes a plant cell green

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Chloroplast is what makes the plants green. 

Territorial animals like spiders that fight off intruders would be expected to be ?

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Correct answer: Regularly distributed

The territorial animals like spiders are expected to regularly distributed. It is the way by which they could keep their territory because if they clustered together then it might that they all get killed at once and may lose territory. So, to prevent this they are regularly distributed and are able to fight predators and intruders and keep their territory safe.







Territorial animals like spiders that fight off intruders would be expected to be regularly distributed.

The experiment that produces the most reliable results is the one in which the a. hypothesis is proved
b.first hypothesis was changed
c.results are repeatable
d.latest equipment was used

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I think for the experiment to be reliable, it must be repeated certain amount of times, roughly as many as you can, it doesnt matter whether the hypothesis is right or wrong. If the experiment is repeatedly reliable, the hypothesis might be correct.

The cell membrane serves many functions. One of the cell membranes functions is to help the cell maintain homeostasis. How does the cell membrane do that ?

Answers

Answer:

The cell membrane help to maintaining homeostasis by regulating the flow of substances through it and by recognizing potentially harmful agents to the cell.

Explanation:

Cellular membrane is constituted by a lipidic bilayer, whose characteristics allow it to behave as a semi-permeable membrane to the passage of substances.

The selective permeability of the membrane makes it possible to regulate the passage of water, molecules and ions through it into the cell and from there into the extracellular space, a characteristic that allows the maintenance of homeostasis.

Additionally, the cell surface can identify foreign and potentially harmful agents, which can affect the internal balance, preventing in most cases their passage into the cell.  

Final answer:

The cell membrane maintains homeostasis through its selectively permeable nature which controls the transport of substances in and out of the cell. The fluidity and flexibility of the cell membrane is crucial in this process. In addition, it provides cell identification and controls interactions with the environment.

Explanation:

The cell membrane plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by controlling the content of the cell. It does this by being selectively permeable, which means it allows only certain molecules to pass through. Transport of materials such as water, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products in and out of the cell is managed by the membrane transport mechanisms.

The cell membrane's fluidity aids this process, enabling proteins to move to areas where they are needed. Furthermore, it is flexible enough to let cells like red and white blood cells change shape as they navigate through narrow capillaries.

Moreover, the cell membrane is responsible for defining the cell's borders and managing its interaction with the environment, including taking in substances, excluding others, and excreting in controlled quantities. It also carries markers that allow cells to recognize each other, a crucial ability for tissue and organ formation, and immune response.

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Science when birds remain airborne and moving without flapping their wings, on what are they gliding?

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Soaring is a science when birds remain airborne and moving without flapping their wings. They are maintaining thrust and gliding downward but staying aloft

Further explanation

Soaring birds is where the birds can maintain flight without wing flapping, because they using rising air currents. Many gliding birds are able to lock their extended wings by means of a specialized tendon. Some land birds such as vultures and certain hawks, sustain flight for long periods without flapping their wings.

For example soaring California Condor spreads its primary feathers so that each acts as a small, high-aspect-ratio wing. This reduces turbulence at the wingtips and helping the condor to stay aloft circling slowly in thermals.

Vultures have a low aspect ratio (ratio of length to width of the wing) which generally produce a lot of drag. Vultures overcome the problem of by flying with their primary feathers extended, creating slots between them. Each primary serves as an individual high-aspect-ratio wing. This high-aspect-ratio reducing wingtip turbulence and lowering the stalling speed of the wings. This helps vultures to circle in thermals, maintaining thrust by gliding downward, but staying aloft by sinking at a rate slower than the hot air rising.

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Answer details

Grade:  9

Subject: biology

Chapter:  animals

Keywords:  birds

When birds glide, they use their weight to overcome air resistance. To do this, the birds must have a certain mass. That's why, usually, large birds do the gliding motion like vultures. Here, the upward aerodynamic force by the air resistance is equal to the weight.