b. job specialization
c. merit system
d. formal rules
Answer:
Dr. Chen's views are most consistent with "the Arousal theory of motivation".
Explanation:
The arousal theory holds that every individual has an optimum arousal level and tries to maintain it.
If this level falls too low, then the individual goes in search of stimulating activities to raise the arousal level. Such activities may include, mountain climbing, surfing or partying with friends.
Also, if the level rises too high, then the individual tries to lower the level by engaging in calm and soothing activities like, taking a nap or meditating.
The most likely answer is B. because the church back then was the only place to hear the bible read.