Mitosis and Meiosis / Cell Division
Oceanic lithosphere subducts while continental lithosphere does not due to differences in density and thickness. When these two plate types converge, the denser, thinner oceanic plate subducts into the upper mantle while the thicker, less dense continental plate remains buoyant.
The oceanic lithosphere subducts while the continental lithosphere does not because of differences in their composition and thickness. Continental lithosphere is generally thicker and less dense than oceanic lithosphere, making it rather buoyant. Consequently, when an oceanic plate and a continental plate converge, the denser, thinner oceanic plate is often readily thrust down into the upper mantle, creating a subduction zone.
This subduction process leads to significant pressure and temperature increases, causing the subducted plate to melt several hundred kilometers below the surface. The material from the melted plate gets recycled into a downward-flowing convection current, balancing the upward flow of material along rift zones.
In contrast, collisions between two continental plates usually result in the buckling and folding of Earth's crust, creating mountain ranges rather than subduction zones.
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Galapagosfinches evolved partly due to variation and competition. When there is variation within a species and competition for resources, the individuals with the best adaptations to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
This is because they are better able to find food, water, and nesting sites, and they are less likely to be killed by predators.
Variation refers to the differences between individuals within a species. These differences can be caused by mutations, which are changes in the DNA of an individual. Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
Competition refers to the struggle between individuals for limited resources. In the case of Galapagos finches, the limited resources are food, water, and nesting sites.
Over time, the accumulation of beneficial mutations and the elimination of harmful mutations can lead to the evolution of new species. This is what happened with Galapagos finches.
The original finches that arrived on the islands were able to survive and reproduce, but they faced different challenges in different parts of the islands.
The finches that were best adapted to their environment were more likely to survive and reproduce, and over time, these finches evolved into different species.
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Answer: they can last 15-20 years if they die of natural causes