What is the levels of processing theory of memory and how does it work

The levels of processing model focus on the depth of processing associated in memory and predict the extensive information which is treated, however the longer a memory trace will persist.

Shallow Processing

Shallow Processing happens in two forms;

1. Structural processing (appearance) which is when we encode only the material qualities.

2. Phonemic processing – which is when we encode the sound.

Shallow processing only requires carrying rehearsal and leads to the only short-term memory of data.

Deep Processing

Deep Processing involves

Semantic processing, which occurs when we encode the significance of a word and compare it to alike words with similar meaning.

Deep processing comprises elaboration practice which involves a more significant investigation such as images, thinking, associations etc of knowledge and guides to better recall.

The levels of processingtheory of memory, proposed by Fergus I.M. Craik and Robert S. Lockhart in 1972, suggests that the depth at which information is processed during encoding influences how well it will be remembered.

How levels of processing theory work

The theory posits that information can be processed at different levels, ranging from shallow to deep processing. Shallow processing involves the superficial characteristics of information, such as its physical features or basic sensory attributes. Deep processing, on the other hand, involves meaningful and semantic analysis, focusing on the understanding, interpretation, and connections of the information.

The levels of processing theory suggests that the more deeply information is processed, the more likely it is to be remembered. This is because deep processing involves making connections to existing knowledge, attaching meaning, and forming associations with other information in memory. These connections and associations create stronger and more elaborate memory traces, making the information more accessible for retrieval later on.

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