Answer: energy is released from the nuclei of atoms
Explanation:
Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of molecules.
Nuclear energy is the energy stored in the nucleus of the atom.
Nuclear power plants use heat produced during nuclear fission to heat water which is produced by the splitting of heavy nucleus into lighter elements by release of energy.
The complete nuclear fission reaction is:
Answer:
The terminal velocities will be the same in a vacuum and different for the egg and further.
Explanation:
Thinking process:
The terminal velocity is the maximum velocity that an object can attain after overcoming the resistance caused by the atmosphere or air. In other words, the velocity equation is given as:
where F is the net force,
D = Drag force
W = Weight of the object falling down.
The drag force increases by the increase with the square of the velocity like this:
The terminal velocity is given by the equation:
V = Sqrt (2W/CdpA)
In the absence of friction, like a vacuum, the velocities are the same.
In the atmosphere, there is drag, and the velocities are different.
b) What is the minimum amount of electrical energy required bythe refrigerator to carry out this process if it operates betweenreservoirs at temperatures of 20.0 °C and -20.0 °C?
Answer:
(a)
(b) 556464 joule
Explanation:
Given:
The conversion of water of 20.0 °C to the ice of –20.0 °C will comprise of three steps:
We have,
(a)
Now, total heat lost in the process:
where:
= change in temperature of ice and water respectively.
is the total heat extracted during the process.
(b)
So, 556464 joule is the minimum electrical energy (by the law of energy conservation under no loss condition) required by refrigerator to carry out this process if it operates between the reservoirs at temperatures of 20.0 °C and -20.0 °C, because for a refrigerator to work in a continuous cycle it is impossible to transfer heat from a low temperature reservoir to a high temperature reservoir without consuming energy in the form of work. Here 556464 joule is the heat of the system to be eliminated.
The amount of heat extracted from the water involves the sum of heat lost as it cools and then freezes. The minimum energy needed by the refrigerator to do this is given by the formula for Carnot efficiency.
To answer these questions, we'll need to understand some fundamental principles of thermodynamics.
a) The heat Q taken from the water will be the sum of the heat released during cooling of the water until 0.0°C, and the heat released during freezing at 0.0°C. The heat loss as the water cools can be calculated using Q = mcΔt where m=mass of water, c=specific heat of water, and Δt=change in temperature. The heat loss as water freezes can be calculated using Q = mlf where lf is the latent heat of fusion. Adding these two quantities gives the total heat extracted.
b) The minimum energy needed by the refrigerator, W, is given by the Carnot efficiency formula, W = Q*(T_hot - T_cold)/T_hot, where T is in Kelvin. This would tell you how much energy the refrigerator needs to remove the heat from the water and cool it down to the freezer temperature.
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